Global Climate News

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) published provisional estimates and datasets measuring air emissions generated by UK economic activities. - **Main release:** ONS published provisional greenhouse gas and pollutant datasets covering emissions by industry (SIC 2007 group, around **130 categories**), including **CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, NF3**, acid rain precursors (**SO2, NOx, NH3**), and other pollutants (**PM10, PM2.5, CO, NMVOCs, benzene, 1,3-butadiene**); time series span **1990 to 2023** with **provisional 2024** data and include **greenhouse gas and CO2 emissions intensity** by industry. - **Metadata and validation:** These are **accredited official statistics**, independently reviewed by the **Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR)** for compliance with the **Code of Practice for Statistics**; datasets and bulletin pages are published by ONS and the listed contact is the **Environment Accounts team** (email: **environment.accounts@ons.gov.uk**, phone: **+44 1329 444932**).

The preprint by Aoxi Zhang, Chaofa Zhao, Hadrien Rattez, and Frédéric Collin presents a DEM-based study on how cementation and initial static shear stress jointly affect the undrained cyclic behaviour of granular soils (Published 2025-10-23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31223/X5KN07). - **Main finding:** The study shows that **liquefaction resistance** of cemented soils depends on both **cyclic stress ratio (CSR)** and **initial static shear stress**, with the **effect of initial static shear (beneficial or detrimental)** being **more pronounced at low CSR values**; the authors validate the DEM model against experimental results. - **Details and applications:** The authors develop a DEM model that **quantitatively captures cementation levels**, perform **micromechanical analysis** showing cementation **prevents contact loss** while initial shear **accelerates contact degradation**, and highlight practical guidance for **vibratory extraction of aged piles**; published on EarthArXiv under **CC BY Attribution 4.0 International** on 2025-10-23.

SINTEF operates a pilot CO₂ laboratory at Tiller to determine how impurities affect transport and underground storage of captured CO₂. - **Pilot facility and purpose:** SINTEF's **Tiller CO2 laboratory (Trondheim)** accepts CO₂ mixed with flue-gas impurities, makes the gas liquid and studies how **impurities (traces of solvent and flue gas)** impact **corrosion** and handling during **transport and storage**; the work supports industrial capture projects such as the **cement factory in Brevik**. - **Background and technical detail:** Current storage standards require **very high CO₂ purity** but measurement of **very low impurity concentrations** is difficult; the pilot tests will provide data to define acceptable impurity levels and inform requirements for **transporters, storage operators and producers**.

The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) invites you to a briefing about pathways for industrial decarbonization. - **Event details & purpose:** EESI will host a live, online briefing on **pathways for industrial decarbonization** focused on technologies and strategies such as **electrification**, **material reuse**, **green steel**, and **carbon-negative concrete**; the briefing features speakers **Angela Anderson (World Resources Institute)**, **Katheryn Scott Pavao (KLSP Consulting)**, and **Abigail Regitsky (Blue Horizons Foundation)** and includes downloadable **speaker slides** and a live webcast. - **Background & logistics:** - **Context:** The briefing cites that the industrial sector is the **second-largest** U.S. greenhouse gas emitter, **representing 30%** of U.S. emissions and is **projected to be the largest by 2035**. - **Date/Time/Location/Access:** **Wednesday, October 22, 2025**, **9:00 – 10:00 am EDT**, **online only** at https://www.eesi.org/livecast; attendees are asked to **RSVP** to expedite check-in and slides are available via direct PDF links.

Schneider Electric (guest author) explains NIS2's implications for OT security and urges industrial leaders to adopt automated monitoring, supply-chain controls, and board-level governance. - **Main announcement/action:** NIS2 elevates OT cybersecurity to **board-level accountability**, mandates **supply-chain risk management**, and enforces near-term incident reporting (24/72-hour windows). The article cites modeled global OT cyber losses of **US $329.5 billion** in a worst-case scenario, notes **60%** of breaches originate from third-party vendors, and gives an example where centralized monitoring produced **>40% improvement** in threat detection and response times. - **Background and implementation details:** NIS2 drives a shift from manual audits to **real-time automated monitoring**, requires embedding **security standards into contracts and RFQs**, and recommends continuous cyber awareness training ("human firewall"). Implementation is currently **uneven across EU Member States**. - Innovation Summit Copenhagen (event referenced): - date/time: not specified in the article - location: Copenhagen - agenda/subject: Expert Learning Session on strategies for scaling digitalization and cyber resilience in industry

The GreenNY Council (led by OGS with NYPA and NYSERDA participation) released the Thirteenth Progress Report "Greening New York State," summarizing FY 23–24 implementation of Executive Order 22 across 75 Affected Entities. - **Key achievements and commitments:** **8.4 trillion BTUs** of energy-saving projects logged (≈76% of the 11 trillion BTU BuildSmart 2025 goal), **67,818 trees planted**, **1,051,111 tons** recycled (overall recycling rate 89%), and **~$228 million** spent on green products and services in FY 23–24; statewide targets include **100% renewable electricity by 2030**, **100% ZEV light-duty fleet by 2035**, and **11 trillion BTUs energy savings by end of 2025**. Annual GreenNY Forum: **November 14, 2024**, **NYPA White Plains office** — agenda included EO 22 progress, best practices, and Sustainability Coordinator peer exchange. - **Background and concrete program details:** EO 22 designates the GreenNY Council as implementer; **all 75 Affected Entities reported** for FY 23–24. NYPA-supported BuildSmart projects constituted **61.8%** of State progress. Notable project specifics: OMH’s **2.8 MW solar array** with battery storage (meets >25% of campus electricity), SUNY Delhi **$37.9 million** Farnsworth Hall geothermal renovation, OPRHP’s Hither Hills solar saving **$45,000/year**, and aggregate refrigerant emissions reported **48,869 metric tons CO2e**. Fleet details: **17,250** light-duty vehicles (excluding emergency vehicles) with **1,269 (7.4%)** ZEVs reported; **452** ZEVs purchased in FY 23–24; infrastructure planning includes **600+ charging ports across 50+ locations**. All facts are drawn directly from the FY 23–24 GreenNY report.

The UK government announced that two carbon capture projects — Padeswood (Heidelberg Materials UK) and Protos (Encyclis) — have signed final contracts with the Low Carbon Contracts Company and are ready to begin construction. - **Main announcement and actions:** The projects have **signed final contracts with the Low Carbon Contracts Company** and are expected to **move into the construction phase shortly**, together securing **500 skilled jobs** (part of **2,800 jobs** across the wider HyNet network). Padeswood (cement) will capture **~800,000 tonnes CO2/year** and Protos (waste-to-energy) will capture **~400,000 tonnes CO2/year**, totaling **1.2 million tonnes CO2/year**. Both projects will connect to **Eni’s Liverpool Bay Transportation & Storage** as anchor projects of the **HyNet** cluster. - **Background, financing and timelines:** The announcement follows the Prime Minister’s April green-light for HyNet and the government’s **£9.4 billion** commitment to Carbon Capture made in the Spending Review (funding stated **over this Parliament**). The projects are positioned as **shovel-ready**, with contracts now in place to provide certainty to proceed; Padeswood will deploy capture at the existing cement works to produce **evoZero net zero cement**, and Protos is described as a first full-scale carbon capture-enabled waste-to-energy facility.