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McKinsey Sustainability published an analysis describing five ocean CDR approaches and calls for urgent, coordinated R&D, regulatory action, and funding to build an ocean CDR ecosystem over the next decade. The report notes ocean CDR could support more than ten gigatons of annual CO2 removals and cites pilot direct ocean capture costs of $900–$3,000 per ton.

MGI’s report finds announced greenfield FDI since 2022 has pivoted strongly toward future-shaping industries—data centers, semiconductors, batteries, and critical minerals—driven by large megadeals and geopolitical realignments. Key figures include annualized greenfield FDI rising to about $1.4 trillion (2022–May 2025), data-center announcements ≈ $170 billion/yr, semiconductor fab-related announcements ≈ $115 billion/yr, and hydrogen-related announcements ≈ $160 billion/yr (high uncertainty).