How much energy will AI really consume? The good, the bad and the unknown

Nature · March 05, 2025 · ✓ verified

US-based Virginia has seen a significant increase in data-center construction, which could double electricity demand in the state within the next decade. Virginia is known as the data-center capital of the world with 340 facilities already established. Experts have raised concerns about the rise in energy usage related to AI training, particularly as big tech firms expand their operations. In Ireland, data centers account for over 20% of the country’s electricity consumption, showcasing a global trend in energy demand. Economic benefits are noted, but so are the potential local impacts on power infrastructure.

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